Date and Time Units
The INTERVAL
keyword can be used to add or subtract a time interval of time to a DATETIME
, DATE
or TIME
value.
The syntax is:
INTERVAL time_quantity time_unit
For example, the SECOND
unit is used below by the DATE_ADD()
function:
SELECT '2008-12-31 23:59:59' + INTERVAL 1 SECOND; +-------------------------------------------+ | '2008-12-31 23:59:59' + INTERVAL 1 SECOND | +-------------------------------------------+ | 2009-01-01 00:00:00 | +-------------------------------------------+
The following units are valid:
Unit | Description |
---|---|
MICROSECOND | Microseconds |
SECOND | Seconds |
MINUTE | Minutes |
HOUR | Hours |
DAY | Days |
WEEK | Weeks |
MONTH | Months |
QUARTER | Quarters |
YEAR | Years |
SECOND_MICROSECOND | Seconds.Microseconds |
MINUTE_MICROSECOND | Minutes.Seconds.Microseconds |
MINUTE_SECOND | Minutes.Seconds |
HOUR_MICROSECOND | Hours.Minutes.Seconds.Microseconds |
HOUR_SECOND | Hours.Minutes.Seconds |
HOUR_MINUTE | Hours.Minutes |
DAY_MICROSECOND | Days Hours.Minutes.Seconds.Microseconds |
DAY_SECOND | Days Hours.Minutes.Seconds |
DAY_MINUTE | Days Hours.Minutes |
DAY_HOUR | Days Hours |
YEAR_MONTH | Years-Months |
The time units containing an underscore are composite; that is, they consist of multiple base time units. For base time units, time_quantity
is an integer number. For composite units, the quantity must be expressed as a string with multiple integer numbers separated by any punctuation character.
Example of composite units:
INTERVAL '2:2' YEAR_MONTH INTERVAL '1:30:30' HOUR_SECOND INTERVAL '1!30!30' HOUR_SECOND -- same as above
Time units can be used in the following contexts:
- after a
+
or a-
operator; - with the following
DATE
orTIME
functions:ADDDATE()
,SUBDATE()
,DATE_ADD()
,DATE_SUB()
,TIMESTAMPADD()
,TIMESTAMPDIFF()
,EXTRACT()
; - in the
ON SCHEDULE
clause ofCREATE EVENT
andALTER EVENT
. - when defining a partitioning
BY SYSTEM_TIME
See also
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